"Do not be confused by this issue of communism". Minh was a communist, but mostly because of Lenin ' s anti-colonialist writings. He was first and foremost an anti-colonialist nationalist who wanted a united Vietnam free of Colonial rule. It was mainly his generals Giap and Duong who really pushed the international Marxist ideology. Minh was pushed farther into irrelevance and when he died the hard-core Marxists were in charge.