What is the genesis of the "red card" in soccer? Has it always resulted in the offending team losing both the player and the position? Has the criteria for receiving a "red card" evolved over time?

I know of no other team sport that has a similar type of penalty. A basketball team can play short-handed but only after multiple players have fouled out. I'm not even sure what the rule is for professional football or baseball if a team has too few eligible players. I do know that when a player is ejected he can be replaced. His position is not altogether eliminated.