exponential growth fallacy and other such growth fallacies. As others have written, the thing about exponential growth is that it never lasts, usually because of resource constraints.
Aside from that, I think futurism can be viewed pretty accurately as another form of religion. It's interesting how futurist ideas regarding the singularity and its effect on human nature basically parallel Judeo-Christian views of the world's end. It's an indication that the Christian doctrine of salvation has simply been adopted (and co-opted) by secular humanists, with the ideal of Christian salvation having been replaced, in their minds, by the analogous idea of universal emancipation from human nature.