The Dodgers have won their division 4 years in a row. In that time...
2013 they had the 3rd best record of the 3 NL division winners, and 6th best record of the 6 MLB division winners.
2014: 2nd of 3 NL, 4th of 6 MLB.
2015: 2nd of 3, 4th of 6
2016: 3rd of 3, 6th of 6
And to say they lose in the 1st or 2nd round is misleading since there are only two rounds prior to the World Series. So it's true that 100% of teams that make it past the wild card play-in game but don't make the World Series lose in the 1st or 2nd round.