A brief Tail pipe emissions list:

Carbon dioxide (CO2) – CO2 is a greenhouse gas, thought to be a major contributing factor to climate change. Although technically non-toxic, excessive volumes contribute towards ocean acidification.

Carbon monoxide (CO) – This invisible gas is the result of incomplete combustion of fuel and is very toxic to humans. Most modern engines only produce tiny amounts of it thanks to efficient combustion processes, but older engines are bigger offenders.

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) – Nitrogen oxides are produced in any combustion process. They are highly reactive and can contribute to smog when they come into contact with other airborne chemicals. Some manufacturers famously cheated NOx tests.

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) – This is a colourless gas that smells like burnt matches and occurs naturally in crude oil used to refine petrol and diesel. It forms acids when burned, leading to engine corrosion and smog.

Hydrocarbons (HC) – HCs escape from exhausts as unburnt fuel due to incomplete combustion. They also evaporate from the fuel tank and nozzle when you fill up at the petrol station.

Benzene (C6H6) – This occurs naturally in petrol and diesel in very small quantities and is also emitted from vehicle exhausts as unburnt fuel. Benzene is a carcinogenic substance and high levels of inhalation can severely harm human health.

Particulates – Diesel engines emit airborne particles of black soot and metal, known as particulate matter. Modern cars are fitted with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) to reduce the number of harmful particles being pumped out into the atmosphere.
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The only thing included in the OP's study is the Particulates. . . it doesn't include the better performance in the other emissions listed above. So while it looks like EVs may have more particulate matter, Total emissions is less.

The obvious solution is of course high speed rail which has steel on steel and far less emissions than ICE/EV and especially 18 wheelers. . . But in America many people reject high speed rail. I heard that most people in Utah County still prefer to drive instead of taking Front Runner to the airport, where Front Runner would definitely be the less polution and less cost option in most situations.