procedures. the costs to draw blood and analyze don't depend on the results. Every stinking procedure has a fixed cost irregardless of the problem, patient, etc. If you aren't just blowing smoke to bs your way into justify a confusing and expensive system, then you are as naive as a person can be.
It's simple economics, and bean counters and business people know it. You as a consumer, you as a risk assessor may say its difficult to predict how much risk or expense each person may incur, but that is totally, totally separate from how much each procedure costs.
And we could go a long, long way to simplify this system by finally coming clean about those costs and publishing them.
The issue isn't about how difficult it is to quantify the costs, its about predicting how many procedures a person will need in a given year.